Effect of Chemical and Physical Mutagens on Morphological Characteristics of Brassica Napus L. Cv. Excel

Induced mutation study was carried out to study effect of chemical and physical mutagens on different morphological characteristics in the Brassica napus L. cv. Excel. Physiologically similar and uniform size seeds of Brassica napus L. cv. Excel weretreated with different doses of chemical Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and Sodium azide (SA) andphysical mutagen (gamma radiations). Dry and pre-soaked water seeds were used for the treatments of EMS and SA mutagens while dry seeds were used for gamma radiations. Mutagen treated seeds were used to raise M1 plant population. Fully grown up M1 population were harvested plant wise. M2 population were raised from M1 seeds. M2 population were screened for different morphological variations and abnormalities. Different morphological variations / abnormalitieswere recorded with respect to shape, number of cotyledons, leaf morphological changes and abnormal and variation in siliqua in M2 population. Different type of alternations in shape and number of cotyledons such as single cotyledon with fused cup shape, two cotyledon one with fuse cup shape and another normal, three cotyledons, bilobed leaf, abnormal bud and siliqua with three replum were recorded in EMS, SA and Gamma radiations. Sodium azide was found to induce higher frequency of morphological variations as compared to Ethylmethane sulphonate and gamma radiation.